What is Tai Chi

Tai Chi is an internal Chinese martial art, its full name is Tai Chi Chuan which can be translated as “supreme ultimate fist”. It was created as an internal, soft Kung Fu Combat Style, putting an emphasis on relaxed muscle positions to let the Chi flow freely. It stands in contrast to all the hard styles, which meet opponent’s force mostly with force. Tai Chi is rather trying to neutralize the force coming in and using the opponent’s momentum to overcome him. Its a continuous way of yin and yang, of being full and being empty.

Tai chi is today practiced around the world as a health-promoting exercise.  It is a form of exercise which can be practiced by anyone regardless of age or physical ability.  The more formal name is tai chi chuan, which translates to “supreme ultimate boxing.”  Tai chi is an ancient martial art developed in China that’s often referred to as a “moving meditation.”  Tai chi’s slow, graceful movements are accompanied by deep circular breathing. Though tai chi is practiced slowly for health benefits — stress relief, improved balance and flexibility — it can be sped up and used as a fighting form in very advanced classes.  The movements are working with what is called “qi” or life force, a type of “flow” that everyone has.  Within every tai chi movement is the principle of yin and yang — the idea that there is unity within opposites.  Tai chi is often referred as a “treasure of Chinese culture”; studying it is like holding a beautiful jewel, where each time you turn, you see a new facet.”  Each tai chi posture has a classical Chinese name, such as “Wave Hands Like Clouds,” “Golden Rooster Stands on One Leg,” “High Pat the Horse,” “White Crane Cools Its Wings” and “Shoot Tiger with Bow.”  Beyond the forms, there is sparring called “push hands,” in which two practitioners try to unbalance one another by redirecting the other’s energy.

There are four major styles of tai chi chuan, each named after the Chinese family
from which it originated:

Chen-style of Chen Wangting (1580-1660)

Yang-style of Yang Lu-ch’an
(1799-1872)

Wu-style of Wu Yu-hsiang
(1812-1880)

Sun-style of Sun Lu-t’ang
(1861-1932)

No one knows who the real founder of tai chi is, so most people love to go by the legend that was formed about 700 to 800 years back. The credit of defining the art of Tai Chi Chuan is credited to Zhang San Feng who lived during the 13th century. As the legend goes, he is believed to have developed this art form after he witnessed a dual between a snake and the crane and was greatly inspired by the snake’s defensive tactics. It remained still and alert in the face of the bird’s onslaught until it made a lunge and fatally bit its attacker. This incident inspired him to create a set of 72 tai chi movements.

Chinese philosophy, particularly Taoist and Confucian thought, forms the conceptual background to tai chi.  Tai chi also draws on Chinese theories of the body, particularly Taoist neidan (internal alchemy) teachings on qi (vital energy) and on the three dantian (energy center).  As such, tai chi considers itself an “internal” (neijia) martial art focused on developing qi.  In China, tai chi is categorized under the Wudang group of Chinese martial arts—that is, arts applied with internal power.  Tai chi also adopts the Taoist ideals of softness overcoming hardness, of wu wei (effortless action), and of yielding into its martial art technique while also retaining Taoist ideas of spiritual self-cultivation.

A key aspect of tai chi philosophy is to work with the flow of yin (softness) and yang (hardness) elements. When two forces push each other with equal force, neither side moves. Motion cannot occur until one side yields. Therefore, a key principle in tai chi is to avoid using force directly against force (hardness against hardness).

Tai chi uses ‘soft’ force to overcome a ‘hard’ force. Whereas most fighting arts focus on merely developing greater speed, strength and visual reflexes than a potential opponent, tai chi uses sensitivity, yielding and deflection. This method does not pitch strength against strength, which would waste your energy and your strength alone might simply not be enough compared to your opponent. Instead it redirects an opponent’s power away from you and then back against them, adding your own to create a devastating response.

Now we will look at the origins of the style Yifan teaches: